Reflection on How Master of Science in Public...

My thoughts of public service prior to the MSPA program? My thoughts about public service before I entered the Master of Science in Public Administration (MSPA) program at California State University, Los Angeles (CSULA), were most likely different from those of someone who received an undergraduate degree in Public Administration. My undergraduate degree was in Criminal Justice, and my thoughts of public service were conceived from my personal interactions I had with public service agencies and media portrayals. My thoughts on public service were that there was a massive hole in â€Å"customer† satisfaction, economic efficiency, and effectiveness causing a lack of confidence in the system. One major factor was my personal interactions with†¦show more content†¦Private companies have had huge campaigns over the past few years to stay relevant with their consumers by engaging in social media and free apps, and transact on their smart-phones. Within e-Government, there are four stages that can be met which are: Presence, Interactions, Transaction, and Transformation (Garson, 2006). A second contributing factor to my thoughts about public service was the Medias portrayal of servants in public service. As early as I could remember there has always been scandals surrounding public service and its servants. Most recently the corruption scandal in the City of Bell, where the City Manager Robert Rizzo and five City Council members were charged in stealing more than $5 million from the City (Rogers, 2013). Similar cases like these have caused a huge loss in constituent trust in their government. These types of scandals can cause decades of unrecoverable relationships between the administrations and the constituents. Recently, a third report was about the Los Angeles City Council member Jose Huizar. A story about Mr. Huizar surfaced in the media where he was being sued by his former Deputy Chief of Staff. Although, these were only allegations, and he had not been convicted of any wrong doing the fact is that these allegations were definitely going to cause some headaches and possibly his re-election as he was getting ready to campaign for his third four-year term as a council member (Zahniser, 2013). With soShow MoreRelatedReflection Paper on Organizational Behavior Course3202 Words   |  13 PagesReflection Paper on Organizational Behavior Course When the Philippine Army (PA) gave me a Masteral Degree Scholarship, I was told to take a Human Resource Management (HRM) course. 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Protecting Victims’ Rights Free Essays

The criminal justice system is designed to prevent crime from occurring, as well as administering justice after a crime is committed. One important aspect of this side of the law is to ensure that victims of crime are well protected and receive fair treatment throughout the process. That is why government and local agencies are required to ensure victims’ rights, from making sure that the accused stays away to notification for every important date concerning the crime. We will write a custom essay sample on Protecting Victims’ Rights or any similar topic only for you Order Now And no single segment of crime victims receives as much protection as female victims of sexual crimes. More than any other group of crime victims, female victims of sexual assault, harassment, and other sexual crimes are the main focus of many local, state, and federal law enforcement measures to ensure the protection of victims’ crime. As the federal level of the justice system offers a vast amount of information regarding the protection of victims’ rights, it serves as the perfect starting point to understanding victims’ rights. The most comprehensive bill that covering victims’ rights is 18 United States Code, Section 3771, which includes eight measures designed to protect victim’s rights. One point of the Bill of Victim’s Rights is that the victim has the right to be reasonably protected from the accused (United States House of Representatives, 2006). This includes every measure that local and government authorities can take to make sure the accused does not cause any further hardship or threaten the victim in any way. Another important part of the victims’ bill of rights is making sure that victims are able to state their case in full, and have the right to be reasonably heard at any public proceeding in the district court involving release, plea, sentencing, or any parole proceeding (United States House of Representatives, 2006). Making sure that victims utilize their right to be heard begins initially with the law enforcement agent taking their statement. The purpose of the victim impact statement is to give the victim of the crime the chance to express, in writing, the impact of the crime, including all economic losses, physical or psychological injuries, and significant changes to the victim’s quality of life (Commonwealth of Virginia, 2000). Whatever the victim tells the law enforcement agents about the impact of the crime on his or her life helps determine the types of assistance that a victim may need. For sexual assault victims this aspect of the process is very important, as the crime is often committed with few or no other witnesses. Victims of sexual assault illustrate many of the reasons that victims require such strong protection of their rights. Because of the violent nature of rape and sexual assault, victims are often traumatized far more than other crime victims. Victims of sexual assault and rape are often left frightened and unwilling or unable to pursue the necessary course of justice against their perpetrators. This fear might encourage them to withhold information that may also be embarrassing or painful to bring up, leading to the perpetrator getting away with the crime. As serious crimes, the charges that result from sexual assault and rape are significant and can result in severe penalties for the perpetrator, including long prison sentences. However, despite the seriousness of sexual crimes, most victims fail to report them to authorities for a variety of reasons, including the fear that their rights may not be fully protected. The fact that many of these victims do not report the crime leads to the criminals not being convicted. As for all sexual crimes against females, rape remains the least reported of them all, which also includes having the least number of indictments and least number of convictions of all violent crimes in America; the segment of the population that experiences the highest amounts of rape and lowest amounts of reporting them is among college students, where the reporting rate is around 5%. (Fisher, et. al, 2000). This low instance of reporting of sexual assault and rape illustrates an important deficiency in the criminal justice system’s ability to convince female sexual crime victims of their rights. Many of the reasons that females cite for not reporting the crimes inflicted against them include fear of blame from society, desire to quickly move on with their lives, their desire to avoid a long investigation and subsequent trial, and finally out of concerns for their privacy. It is the job of police, the district attorney’s office, and federal branches to make sure that none of these reasons prevent a victim from reporting a crime. Because of this there are many programs designed to provide crime victims with accurate information about the criminal justice system and the many rights that victims possess. At the federal level, the Department of Justice offers many programs and initiatives to ensure that victims are made fully aware of their rights. The Office of Justice Programs has an Office for Victims of Crime that works throughout the year on programs designed to assist victims of crime through grants. The amount of help that the Office for Victims of Crime gives to victims is considerable. In Fiscal Year 2007, Office of Victims of Crime distributed more than $370 million to the states through Victims of Crime Act, which was signed into law by President George W. Bush on October 30, 2004 and contains four major sections related to crime victims and the criminal justice process, which include protecting crime victims’ rights, eliminating the substantial backlog of DNA samples collected from crime scenes and convicted offenders, and improving and expanding the DNA testing capacity of federal, state, and local crime laboratories (U. S. Department of Justice Office for Victims of Crime [OVC], 2008). The Office for Victims of Crime has also given assistance grants and more than $165 million to the states through Victims of Crime Act compensation grants, with both the victim assistance grants and the victim compensation awards funded by the Crime Victims Fund, which is culled from fines, penalties, and bail forfeitures collected from convicted federal criminals (OVC, 2008). Other compensation measures taken on behalf of victims include providing reimbursement to crime victims for crime-related expenses such as medical costs, mental health counseling, funeral and burial costs, and lost wages or loss of support. hile state victim assistance programs fund local victim assistance services such as crisis intervention, counseling, emergency shelter, and criminal justice system advocacy (OVC, 2008). And, while the Office for Victims of Crime provides monetary compensation to many victims, it also heads up several programs designed to create a stronger conglomeration of criminal justice d epartments to ensure the protection and assistance of crime victims. The Office trains criminal justice professionals about the needs and rights of victims of crime and provides them with the latest in ideas and practices in victim protection through such networks as the Office’s Help Exchange Lessons and Practices in Victim Services message board, and finally the Office sponsors the National Victim Assistance Academy, an annual training conference for those who assist victims and survivors of crime (OVC, 2008). While there remain many programs set up by the Department of Justice to ensure victims’ rights, most of the inspiration for the programs continues to come from the basic tenets of the Victims’ Bill of Rights. Another important aspect of the Victims’ Bill of Rights is that the victim is made aware of everything that occurs in the case as it progresses. This also means that the victim has the right to any and all information concerning the case of the prosecution. According to the U. S. code victims have: â€Å"The right to reasonable, accurate, and timely notice of any public court proceeding, or any parole proceeding, involving the crime or of any release or escape of the accused† (United States House of Representatives, 2006). This means that victims should not be made to wait for the latest information that arises in the case, including any revelations about the accused or any changes in his or her status. Providing accurate and timely information to victims about their rights is one of the main ways of protecting their rights, and the Nationwide Automated Victim Information and Notification System has been established to make sure that they receive information pertaining to their case as soon as it becomes available. Began with funding by the Office for Victims of Crime, the Victim Information and Notification System is a computer-automated system that notifies crime victims of key events in their cases, including an offender’s release before trial or from prison; as of September 2007, VNS was serving more than 1,300,000 crime victims nationwide with information on federal criminal justice cases provided by the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the United States Postal Inspection Service, the United States Attorneys’ Offices, and the Federal Bureau of Prisons (OVC, 2008). By keeping crime victims informed of the status of their case and of the perpetrator, criminal justice professionals are able to provide victims with a piece of mind that allows them to retain a semblance of a normal life after crime. The Victims’ Bill of Rights continue with: â€Å"The right not to be excluded from any such public court proceeding, unless the court, after receiving clear and convincing evidence, determines that testimony by the victim would be materially altered if the victim heard other testimony at that proceeding; the reasonable right to confer with the attorney for the Government in the case† (2006). By giving the victim the right to access the court information, as well as hear the case made against the accused in detail, the federal and local governments are ensuring that victims have significant influence on the outcome of the case. They are able to revise and mistakes made in the case of the prosecution, and they are also able to participate as much as possible in the proceedings. Not only does this help the victim put some of the trauma from the crime behind him or her, but it also significantly affects the ability of the Government to prosecute the accused. Additional rights ensured by the Victims’ Bill of Rights are loyal to the basic ideals of the American Bill of Rights and deal mainly with the right to a speedy trial. According to the bill, victims have: â€Å"The right to full and timely restitution as provided in law; the right to proceedings free from unreasonable delay† (United States House of Representatives, 2006). This not only ensures that the law will pursue the case against the accused to prevent further crime, but it also reinforces the role of the law as efficient protector. Also, by ensuring that the proceedings move in a timely manner, the victim is not required to endure a long and painful process. These measures go along well with the final right guaranteed by the victims’ bill of rights, and that is the right to be treated with fairness and with respect for dignity and privacy (2006). In the end, this is most important of all the rights, and perhaps a culmination as well, as all of the rights assured victims are to treat them with the utmost respect, fairness, and dignity. The duty of the U. S. Attorney’s Office and the Department of Justice is to ensure victims of crime that their rights will be protected, and their results have been mixed at best. While there remain many important programs to educate victims on their rights, the case of sexual assault and rape victims and their low rate of reporting crimes against them speak of a general failure in assuring victims of their rights’ protection. Organizations like the Office for Victims of Crime must work harder to ensure that the victims of crime requiring the most assurance and protection receive what they need, and not just monetary compensation for financial losses or medical bills. While some rights vary from state to state, with some states guaranteeing even more rights to victims than others, the general protections afforded by the Victims’ Bill of Rights should be known by all victims. In the end, educating victims on their rights is the biggest protection that any government or local authority can offer victims of crime. How to cite Protecting Victims’ Rights, Papers

Character Analysis The Darker Face of the Earth Essay Example For Students

Character Analysis: The Darker Face of the Earth Essay Fictional characters ANALYSIS OF ALEXANDER AND AMALIA JENNINGS LAFARGE IN RITA DOVE’STHE DARKER FACE OF THE EARTH Abstraction The Darker Face of the Earthby Rita Dove is chosen to be the focal point of this analysis which specified into two characters—Alexander and Amalia Jennings LaFarge. There are some unsimilarity between Alexander and Amalia Jennings LaFarge in the features and their position of societal category. The aims of this analysis are to place, describe and analyze attitudes, gestures, and traits of Alexander and Amalia Jennings LaFarge. The writer uses descriptive as the method of this analysis and applies New Criticism theory to analyze the features of these character based from the play. New Criticism theory needs a close reading and examines anything that necessary to this analysis merely based from the text in the book of this play. The consequence findings show that there are alone features found within Alexander and Amalia Jennings LaFarge such as spiritual, attention, smart, and so forth. These characters named as Alexander and Amalia Jennings LaFarge played by the writer herself and this analysis hopefully assist the writer besides the readers to do better apprehension in each characters and creates grasp from the histrion to these characters. Keywords: Fictional characters, Characteristics, New Criticism, Drama Introduction Literature is a work of art that is expressed in words. Literary work may hold the same elements with other plants of art, but every work of art has alone individuality and particular significance. Literary plants are grouped into four classs or types. Literary plants have four types which are narrative, play, poesy, and prose ( Roberts, 1983: 54 ) . The writer choses play that is set to be played on the phase. As one type of literature, play is a alone class, â€Å"The narrative in a play told like a adult male speaks to another and there are interactions between characters lively unlike novels and poesy where merely the writer tells the narrative. The characters in the play are variant like the characters are non ever human but animate beings or objects can besides be used as a character. It all depends on the wants of the writers want to use ( Iwuchukwu, 2008: 46 ) . Character makes play become alive. Fictional characters in the literary plants express the head, duologue and hum an behaviour in general through conversation and function with the signifiers of interaction between characters that exist in that play ( Roberts, 1988: 64 ) . This analysis discusses the play of Rita Dove entitledThe Darker Face of the Earthwhich noted as one of Dove’s celebrated play and got inspired from the myth ofOedipusas seen in the struggle that has similar with the narrative of the Greek MythOedipus.The Darker Face of the Earthpublished in 1994 and premiered at the Oregon Shakespeare Festival in Ashland, Oregon in 1996. This play besides later produced at the Kennedy Center in Washington, D.C. , the royal National Theatre in London and in many other locales ( Oakes 110 ) .The Darker Face of the Earthreflects the struggles that occur in the 17th century, a pre-civil war epoch, where bondage and poorness dominate at that clip. The writer chooses this play because there are many characters found and each character has different traits. This assorted traits make this play go more complex and interestingly to be discuss. The writer merely focuses on Alexander and Amalia Jennings LaFarge because these characters are played by the writer on a staging play for drama category in English Department. Analysis This chapter intends to analyse the characters of the playThe Darker Face of the Earthget downing from the word picture of Alexander so the major character, Amalia Jennings LaFarge. The writer gives brief account of each character that mentioned above and adds character analysis worksheet in order to do the readers easier to understand. The theory that used in this analysis is New Criticism. This theory is one of literary attacks which is normally used to construe the significance of a literary work ( Tyson 136 ) . Every information are collect from the formal elements of this play, which is the word picture of characters that presented from their duologues and their gestures information. These word pictures support the writer to say the subject of this play. Alexander Characterization The Korean War Essay Papera-? Hazard taker ( page 1892 ; 1895 ; 1926 ; 1956 ) 5. Interest: Story-telling ( page 1920-1925 ) 6. Ambition: The writer assumes that Amalia has aspiration in happening her true love, harmonizing to what Amalia have done—she takes hazards by holding matter with slaves. The writer thinks that there is a different trait when comparing with Amalia’s blunt trait. For the writer herself, she feels uncomfortable when stating something bluffly to other people. The writer assumes that Amalia is a romp so there is no problem when moving as her on the phase. The writer feels accord with Amalia’s consistence. This similarity makes the writer ( histrion ) feels encouraged to play this character. The writer plays Amalia on Act II in the last scene. It is when Amalia eventually realize that it is all her mistake and kill herself in forepart of Augustus, and this action makes the writer interested to move every bit good as possible. The writer thinks that Amalia’s variant traits are interesting to be present on phase. Decision Conclusion intends to follow up the consequence of this analysis. New Criticism theory that is used to analyse playThe Darker Face of the Earthis capable in uncovering how the formal elements, in this instance the word picture being used as a support to understand the subject of this play. The subject of this play is â€Å"someone demands to fight to accomplish his/her life-time wish by taking any risks† . The writer found that even Alexander is the minor character, he still has of import function to nowadayss that slaves need their freedom and slaves are human excessively. And for Amalia Jennings LaFarge, she is a strong character that has a really of import function in this play because she is the 1 who start the struggle by holding matter with slaves and she is the 1 who deciding the struggle by self-destruction. The writer concluded that every character has their ain function to back up the plot line and the subject of this play. Mentions Iwuchukwu, O.Elementss of Drama. National Open University of Nigeria. Victoria Island, Lagos. 2008. Oakes, Elizabeth H.American Writers: American Biographies Facts on File Library of American History. New York: Infobase Publishing, 2004. Roberts, Edgar. V.Writing Subjects about Literature. New Jersey: Prentince Hall, Inc. , 1983. Tyson, Lois.Critical Theory Today: A User-friendly Guide. New York: Garland Publishing, Inc. , 1999.